• print • Feb/Mar 2017

    The Creative Architect: Inside the Great Midcentury Personality Study

    "THEY COULDN'T BE quite as wild as artists." This was how a colleague explained the psychologist Donald MacKinnon's choice of architects as subjects for his landmark 1958–59 study of creativity at UC Berkeley's Institute of Personality Assessment and Research. MacKinnon had begun to focus on creativity a few years earlier, but he recognized one clear problem: Creativity could obviously take many forms—from the poet's mad genius to the scientist's brilliant logic. MacKinnon could never hope to gather all creative types into a single study. But what if he could find a middle ground, a creative

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  • print • Feb/Mar 2017

    Robert Frank: Film Works

    NOT LONG AFTER Robert Frank's still photographs in The Americans, published in 1958, definitively revealed the grim underside of the 1950s American dream, he put his Leica away and embarked on a new career as a filmmaker. This set of publications and DVDs, packaged in a handsome wooden case the size of a large-format art book, chronicles the half century of movies that followed. The book features a 1985 interview with Frank's close friend and collaborator Allen Ginsberg, who says the photographer shifted to filmmaking to sidestep the pitfalls of being an acclaimed artist, to "stay with life as

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  • print • Feb/Mar 2017

    Anatomy of Melancholy

    In a fascinating moment toward the end of Daphne Merkin's new memoir, This Close to Happy, she observes from her seat in the cafeteria of a psychiatric hospital that she feels jealous of the anorexics. "They were clearly and poignantly victims of a culture that said you were too fat if you weren't too thin . . . . No one could blame them for their condition or view it as a moral failure, which was what I suspected even the nurses of doing about us depressed patients." The depressives "were suffering from being intractably and disconsolately—and some might say self-indulgently—ourselves." The

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  • print • Feb/Mar 2017

    A Life’s Work

    When asked "What made you a feminist?," I have to search my memory to locate some story that might be easily shared, and this is the one that at times has sounded good enough: I found feminism between the first two documents I came across that seemed to take the word for granted. One was a copy of Ms. magazine, the other a sex-toy-and-porn catalogue from a store called Good Vibrations. At the time, in 1993, when I was in my teens, one could imagine a feminism that occupied the uncertain, unmapped space between the two—between, loosely speaking, a second and a third wave. That's where I've

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  • print • Feb/Mar 2017

    Langdon Clay: Cars—New York City, 1974–1976 and Henry Wessel: Traffic/Sunset Park/Continental Divide

    IT WOULD BE DIFFICULT to say which is a greater source of nostalgic longing—classic American cars or the gritty New York of the 1970s. These fond memories are a bit of a puzzle, because the time they celebrate was hardly a golden age. Both the cars and the town, judged from our current vantage, were dangerous, environmentally damaging, and back then taken to be prima facie evidence of American excess and decay. Of course, those negatives probably constitute the very reason for the longing, our desire being for indulgence and abjection rather than prudence. In Cars—New York City, 1974–1976,

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  • print • Feb/Mar 2017

    Pure Imagination

    The fiction of Ludmilla Petrushevskaya, one of Russia's most celebrated living writers, can be divided into two categories. Her realistic work deals mostly with the lives of Soviet women, presenting a picture bleak enough that the stories were unpublishable in the USSR. In the US, Petrushevskaya is better known for the surreal, dystopian stories she describes as "real fairy tales." Yet despite their fantastical elements, these stories, too, are grounded in Soviet reality: Their characters are preoccupied, as were citizens under Stalin, with food, housing, and violent death.

    Petrushevskaya's

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  • print • Feb/Mar 2017

    Red Badge of Courage

    Among the iconic Hollywood Westerns of the 1950s, High Noon, with Gary Cooper as Marshal Will Kane, remains a classic movie in the most basic sense. More people know what it is than have seen it. High Noon has, in many ways, been reduced to one black-and-white image: Gary Cooper walking down an empty western street, wearing his badge, ready to draw his gun and face his enemies alone. In 1989 this film still was used, with an added red splash, as the campaign poster for Poland's Solidarity movement, Cooper-as-icon standing in for the trade-unionist Lech Wałęsa in his quest to become the country's

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  • print • Feb/Mar 2017

    Roxy Muses

    In the jet-set portrait extravaganza Slim Aarons: Women, the captions home in on a subject's status like surface-to-air missiles:

    Mrs. A. Atwater Kent Jr. (the former Hope Hewlett Parkhurst) at H. Loy Anderson's pool, Palm Beach, circa 1955. A. Atwater Kent, her father-in-law, was the inventor who pioneered the home radio.

    Lady Daphne Cameron sits on a tiger pelt in the trophy room of Laddie Sanford's Palm Beach house, 1959.

    The first lady of the Philippines, Imelda Romuáldez

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  • excerpt • January 25, 2017

    Americans Under Occupation

    The idea of an autocratic regime ruling America has long been a preoccupation of alternate-history enthusiasts and sci-fi authors. With Donald Trump now in office, those fictions suddenly seem all too real. (The Republican National Convention, at which Trump bellowed "I am your voice," and insisted that he alone can fix the nation's problems, was like a scary set piece from a dystopian novel.) In 2015, Amazon began streaming a slick TV adaptation of one of this genre's best books, Philip K. Dick's The Man in the High Castle. Both the book and the show take place in an alternate version of

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  • review • January 19, 2017

    The Somehow Controversial Women’s March on Washington

    In two days, Donald Trump will be inaugurated as President. The day after that, hundreds of thousands of women plan to meet at the Capitol and demonstrate against a new regime that has already, during its transition to power, shown itself to be plutocratic and friendly to various forms of discrimination. Like the idea of a female President, the idea of this protest, called the Women's March on Washington, seems quite reasonable. And to many it feels welcome, inevitable, even obligatory. But, as with that notion of a female President, the Women's March on Washington has proved, well before it

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  • review • January 17, 2017

    From Lying to Leering

    Women told me they had flashbacks to hideous episodes in their past after the second presidential debate on 9 October, or couldn’t sleep, or had nightmares. The words in that debate mattered, as did their delivery. Donald Trump interrupted Hillary Clinton 18 times (compared to 51 interruptions in the first debate). His reply to the moderator Anderson Cooper’s question about his videotaped boasts of grabbing women by the pussy, which had been released a few days earlier, was: ‘But it’s locker room talk, and it’s one of those things. I will knock the hell out of Isis … And we should get on to

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  • review • January 03, 2017

    Understanding a Photograph by John Berger

    Critic and novelist John Berger died on Monday at the age of ninety. Here, from his introduction to a recent edition of Berger's Understanding a Photograph, Geoff Dyer considers the seminal critic's deep engagement with the medium. —Bookforum

    I became interested in photography not by taking or looking at photographs but by reading about them. The names of the three writers who served as guides will come as no surprise: Roland Barthes, Susan Sontag, and John Berger. I read Sontag on Diane Arbus before I'd seen any photographs by Arbus (there are no pictures in On Photography), and Barthes on

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